罗茨鼓风机结构：罗茨鼓风机结构

　　Roots blower structure: Roots blower structure

　　罗茨鼓风机有两种:立式(A型或L型)和卧式(B型或W型)。罗茨的两个转子中心在同一个垂直平面上，进风口和出风口分别在鼓风机两侧，即立式。两个转子中心在同一平面内，进气口在鼓风机下座的一侧，出风口在鼓风机上方，或者进气口在鼓风机上方，出风口在鼓风机下座的一侧，即卧式。

　　There are two types of Roots blowers: vertical (type A or L) and horizontal (type B or W). The two rotor centers of Roots are on the same vertical plane, with the inlet and outlet located on either side of the blower, which is vertical. The centers of the two rotors are in the same plane, with the air inlet on one side of the lower seat of the blower and the air outlet above the blower, or the air inlet above the blower and the air outlet on one side of the lower seat of the blower, that is, horizontal.

　　罗茨鼓风机一般由主轴、从动轴、∞叶轮(2)、外壳、前墙板、后墙板、齿轮轴、轴承等主要部件。

　　Roots blower generally consists of main shaft, driven shaft, ∞ impeller (2), housing, front wall panel, rear wall panel, gear shaft, bearings and other main components.

　　大多数小型罗茨鼓风机都是垂直结构，即外壳是一个整体结构，两侧结合一块墙板。为了方便转子间隙的拆卸和调整，大型罗茨鼓风机选择水平分割的水平结构，即外壳，墙板分为两部分。

　　Most small Roots blowers have a vertical structure, where the casing is a monolithic structure with a wall panel on both sides. For the convenience of disassembling and adjusting the rotor clearance, a large Roots blower adopts a horizontally divided structure, that is, the shell and wall panel are divided into two parts.

　　对于一般运输气体、水煤气、二氧化碳气体等介质的罗茨鼓风机，其壳体、墙板、叶轮等部件均采用高韧性灰铸铁，主从动轴为45钢。在运输易燃、易爆、腐蚀性强的介质时，其壳体、墙板、叶轮和一些易与介质接触的部件由铜、铝合金、不锈钢、钛合金等材料制成。

　　For Roots blowers used for general transportation of gases, water gas, carbon dioxide gas and other media, their shell, wall panels, impellers and other components are made of high toughness gray cast iron, and the main and secondary shafts are made of 45 steel. When transporting flammable, explosive, and highly corrosive media, the shell, wall panels, impeller, and some components that are easily in contact with the media are made of materials such as copper, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, titanium alloy, etc.

　　壳体和墙板刚度好，在人体表面和底部有合理的加强筋。壳体和墙板有自然蒸发冷却（空气冷却）和墙板有自然蒸发冷却（空气冷却）和冷却水（水冷却）两种结构。由于鼓风机的排气温度随鼓风机吸入气体的温度和排气压力而变化，排气压力大于49kPa鼓风机采用水冷结构；低于49kPa鼓风机采用空冷结构。

　　The shell and wall panels have good rigidity and reasonable reinforcement ribs on the surface and bottom of the human body. The shell and wall panels have two structures: natural evaporative cooling (air cooling) and wall panels have natural evaporative cooling (air cooling) and cooling water (water cooling). Due to the fact that the exhaust temperature of the blower varies with the temperature and exhaust pressure of the gas inhaled by the blower, the blower adopts a water-cooled structure when the exhaust pressure is greater than 49kPa; The blower below 49kPa adopts an air-cooled structure.

　　墙板在壳体两侧，墙板内安装密封件，轴承座作为鼓风机支撑，与壳体结合形成封闭气缸。对于A型鼓风机，墙板采用整体结构，轴承座和密封在同一整体结构中；对于B型鼓风机，墙板采用组合结构，即墙板分为上下两部分，下部分为一部分，上部分为两部分，密封与轴承座分开，分离部分暴露在空间中。运输易腐蚀介质时，如果上述两种结构采用相同的密封结构，密封性差，腐蚀介质从泄漏到空间，不直接进入轴承。因此，后一种结构轴承腐蚀损坏缓慢，相对轴承寿命长；前者直接进入轴承，损坏大，使用寿命短。

　　The wall panels are installed on both sides of the shell, with seals installed inside. The bearing seat serves as a support for the blower and is combined with the shell to form a closed cylinder. For Type A blower, the wall panel adopts an integral structure, with the bearing seat and seal in the same integral structure; For B-type blower, the wall panel adopts a combination structure, that is, the wall panel is divided into upper and lower parts, with the lower part being one part and the upper part being two parts. The seal and bearing seat are separated, and the separated part is exposed in the space. When transporting corrosive media, if the above two structures use the same sealing structure, the sealing performance is poor, and the corrosive medium leaks into the space without directly entering the bearing. Therefore, the latter type of structural bearing has slow corrosion damage and relatively long bearing life; The former directly enters the bearing, causing significant damage and a short service life.

　　小罗茨鼓风机主从轴左侧选用双向心球面球轴承，大中型鼓风机选用双向心球面滚子轴承，右侧齿轮端选用单向心短圆柱滚子轴承。

　　The left side of the main and secondary shafts of the small Roots blower uses bidirectional spherical ball bearings, while large and medium-sized blowers use bidirectional spherical roller bearings. The right gear end uses unidirectional short cylindrical roller bearings.

　　罗茨鼓风机的齿轮副一般由45钢制成。齿轮副是一对齿轮轴，也是一对定时齿轮。鼓风机的两个叶轮在两个齿轮角一致的前提下才能正常运行。否则，两个叶轮会发生碰撞，破坏鼓风机的正常运行，甚至导致设备事故。从动轴上的齿轮副大多制成齿轮圈和齿轮轮毂组合件，叶轮之间的间隙可以通过调整从动齿轮圈来实现。设计齿轮侧隙时，应注意不要大于或等于两个叶轮的齿合间隙。当齿轮侧隙大于叶轮间隙的2/3时，两个叶轮在运行时会敲打。在这种情况下，需要更新或重新调整两个啮合齿轮。

　　The gear pair of Roots blower is generally made of 45 steel. A gear pair is a pair of gear shafts and also a pair of timing gears. The two impellers of the blower can only operate normally when the two gear angles are consistent. Otherwise, the two impellers may collide, disrupting the normal operation of the blower and even causing equipment accidents. The gear pairs on the driven shaft are mostly made into gear rings and gear hub assemblies, and the clearance between the impellers can be achieved by adjusting the driven gear rings. When designing the gear backlash, care should be taken not to be greater than or equal to the meshing clearance between the two impellers. When the gear clearance is greater than 2/3 of the impeller clearance, the two impellers will knock during operation. In this case, it is necessary to update or readjust the two meshing gears.

　　罗茨鼓风机的齿轮润滑，如流量小、压力低、速度低，一般采用封闭式油箱，主轴端用轴盘溅润滑齿轮。如果是大流量、高压、高速，大多采用电动油泵进行润滑。

　　The gear lubrication of Roots blower, such as low flow rate, low pressure, and low speed, generally uses a closed oil tank, and the main shaft end uses a shaft disc to splash lubricate the gear. If it is high flow, high pressure, or high speed, electric oil pumps are mostly used for lubrication.

　　鼓风机轴端密封结构一般为框架橡胶油封，每组密封由两个或三个顶框架橡胶油封组成。其中两个背面安装在与运输介质接触的内部，另一个安装在外部，中间注入润滑脂。整个密封件安装在一个密封外套中，形成一个组件。运输易燃、易爆、强腐蚀、有毒等有害气体时，轴端密封采用机封。但机封的尺寸精度和装配精度要求较高，工艺成本也较高。

　　The sealing structure of the blower shaft end is generally a frame rubber oil seal, and each set of seals consists of two or three top frame rubber oil seals. Two of them are installed on the inside in contact with the transport medium, while the other is installed on the outside with lubricating grease injected in the middle. The entire seal is installed in a sealing jacket to form a component. When transporting flammable, explosive, highly corrosive, toxic and other harmful gases, machine seals are used for shaft end sealing. But the dimensional accuracy and assembly accuracy requirements of the machine seal are high, and the process cost is also high.

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