仓泵作为气力输送系统的核心设备，其容量选择直接影响输送效率、能耗与系统稳定性。合适的仓泵容量需结合物料特性、输送需求、系统配置等多方面因素综合确定，既避免因容量不足导致输送中断，也防止容量过大造成资源浪费。

　　As the core equipment of the pneumatic conveying system, the capacity selection of the bin pump directly affects the conveying efficiency, energy consumption, and system stability. The appropriate capacity of the warehouse pump needs to be determined comprehensively based on various factors such as material characteristics, conveying requirements, and system configuration, in order to avoid conveying interruptions caused by insufficient capacity and prevent resource waste caused by excessive capacity.

　　物料特性是决定仓泵容量的基础因素。不同物料的物理性质对仓泵容量需求差异显著：颗粒状物料流动性好，填充仓泵时不易搭桥，可选择较大容量，单次输送量高且不易堵塞；粉状物料易受潮结块，流动性差，若仓泵容量过大，可能因物料在仓内滞留时间过长形成板结，导致卸料不畅，这类物料更适合中小容量仓泵，通过缩短单次输送周期减少结块风险。物料堆积密度同样关键，高密度物料需匹配较小容量仓泵，避免单次装载过重超出输送管道承重上限；低密度物料则可选用大容量仓泵，提高单位时间输送量。

　　The material characteristics are the fundamental factors determining the capacity of the warehouse pump. The physical properties of different materials have significant differences in the demand for warehouse pump capacity: granular materials have good fluidity, making it difficult to build bridges when filling the warehouse pump. Larger capacities can be selected, with high single delivery capacity and less likely to clog; Powdered materials are prone to moisture and clumping, with poor flowability. If the capacity of the warehouse pump is too large, it may form clumping due to the prolonged retention time of the material in the warehouse, resulting in poor discharge. This type of material is more suitable for small and medium-sized warehouse pumps, reducing the risk of clumping by shortening the single conveying cycle. The stacking density of materials is equally critical, and high-density materials need to be matched with smaller capacity bin pumps to avoid single loading exceeding the upper limit of the conveying pipeline's load-bearing capacity; For low-density materials, a large capacity bin pump can be used to increase the conveying capacity per unit time.

　　输送量与输送距离决定仓泵容量的基本范围。若系统要求每小时输送一定量物料，且已知单次输送周期，理论上仓泵容量需满足相应的输送次数，结合物料堆积密度可推算所需容量。输送距离对容量选择的影响体现在压力损失上：短距离输送时，管道阻力小，仓泵可在较短时间内完成卸料，适合选用大容量仓泵以减少输送次数；长距离输送时，管道阻力大，单次输送时间延长，若容量过大，会导致系统等待时间过长，反而降低效率，此时宜选择中小容量仓泵，通过增加输送频次维持总输送量。

　　The conveying volume and distance determine the basic range of the capacity of the bin pump. If the system requires a certain amount of material to be conveyed per hour and the single conveying cycle is known, theoretically the capacity of the bin pump needs to meet the corresponding conveying times, and the required capacity can be calculated based on the material packing density. The influence of conveying distance on capacity selection is reflected in pressure loss: during short distance conveying, the pipeline resistance is small, and the bin pump can complete unloading in a relatively short time, making it suitable to choose a large capacity bin pump to reduce the number of conveying times; When transporting over long distances, the pipeline resistance is high, and the single delivery time is prolonged. If the capacity is too large, it will cause the system to wait for too long, which will actually reduce efficiency. At this time, it is advisable to choose small and medium capacity bin pumps to maintain the total delivery volume by increasing the delivery frequency.

　　系统配套设备的能力制约仓泵容量的上限。仓泵的进料方式影响实际有效容量：重力进料时，仓泵容量可接近几何容积；螺旋给料因需预留螺旋运转空间，容量利用率较低，选择时需适当放大容量。供气设备的排气量与压力需与仓泵容量匹配，大容量仓泵单次输送需消耗大量压缩空气，若空压机排气量不足，会导致加压时间过长，延长输送周期，此时需降低仓泵容量以适应供气能力。此外，输送管道直径也需匹配仓泵容量，大容量仓泵需搭配大直径管道，避免因管道过细导致物料流速过高，加剧管道磨损。

　　The capacity of the supporting equipment of the system restricts the upper limit of the capacity of the warehouse pump. The feeding method of the bin pump affects the actual effective capacity: when feeding by gravity, the bin pump capacity can approach the geometric volume; Spiral feeding requires reserved space for spiral operation, resulting in low capacity utilization. When selecting, the capacity should be appropriately enlarged. The exhaust volume and pressure of the gas supply equipment need to be matched with the capacity of the bin pump. A large capacity bin pump consumes a large amount of compressed air for a single delivery. If the exhaust volume of the air compressor is insufficient, it will cause a long pressurization time and prolong the delivery cycle. At this time, the capacity of the bin pump needs to be reduced to adapt to the gas supply capacity. In addition, the diameter of the conveying pipeline also needs to match the capacity of the bin pump. Large capacity bin pumps need to be matched with large-diameter pipelines to avoid excessive material flow rate caused by thin pipelines, which can exacerbate pipeline wear.

　　运行经济性与操作便利性是容量选择的重要补充。大容量仓泵单次输送量大，装料次数少，可减少操作人员劳动强度，适合自动化程度高的系统；但设备初期投资高，且清理维护难度大。小容量仓泵初期投资低，维护方便，适合间歇式输送或人工操作场景，但需频繁装料，长期运行的人工成本较高。对于连续运行的生产线，建议选择中等容量仓泵，平衡单次输送量与操作频率，既能满足连续输送需求，又可通过自动化控制系统实现无人值守，降低综合成本。

　　Economic efficiency and operational convenience are important supplements to capacity selection. Large capacity bin pumps have a large single delivery capacity and fewer loading times, which can reduce the labor intensity of operators and are suitable for highly automated systems; But the initial investment in equipment is high, and cleaning and maintenance are difficult. Small capacity bin pumps have low initial investment, easy maintenance, and are suitable for intermittent conveying or manual operation scenarios, but require frequent loading and high labor costs for long-term operation. For continuous production lines, it is recommended to choose medium capacity bin pumps to balance the single delivery volume and operating frequency, which can meet the continuous delivery needs and achieve unmanned operation through automated control systems, reducing overall costs.

　　特殊工况对仓泵容量有针对性要求。在高海拔地区，空气密度降低，仓泵排气时间延长，需适当减小容量，避免因排气不彻底影响下一次装料；高温环境中，大容量仓泵的保温成本高，且物料易因滞留时间长发生质变，宜选用小容量仓泵并缩短输送周期。对于易燃易爆物料，仓泵容量需与防爆系统匹配，过大容量可能因内部可燃物积累增加爆炸风险，通常控制在较小范围内，并配合惰性气体保护，确保运行安全。

　　Special working conditions have targeted requirements for the capacity of the warehouse pump. In high-altitude areas, air density decreases and the exhaust time of the bin pump is prolonged. It is necessary to reduce the capacity appropriately to avoid incomplete exhaust affecting the next loading; In high temperature environments, the insulation cost of large capacity bin pumps is high, and materials are prone to qualitative changes due to long retention time. Therefore, it is advisable to choose small capacity bin pumps and shorten the conveying cycle. For flammable and explosive materials, the capacity of the warehouse pump should be matched with the explosion-proof system. Excessive capacity may increase the risk of explosion due to the accumulation of internal combustibles. It is usually controlled within a small range and combined with inert gas protection to ensure safe operation.

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