旋转供料器作为物料输送系统的关键设备，气路的设置是保障其高效运行的核心设计，主要服务于密封防护、物料调控与设备保护三大功能。在粉体、颗粒状物料的连续输送场景中，气路系统通过气流的精准控制，可使设备漏料率降低至 0.5% 以下，同时延长易损件寿命 30% 以上，其设计逻辑与物料特性、工况压力及输送环境密切相关。

　　As a key equipment of the material conveying system, the setting of the air path is the core design to ensure its efficient operation, mainly serving the three functions of sealing protection, material regulation, and equipment protection. In the continuous conveying scenario of powder and granular materials, the pneumatic system can reduce the equipment leakage rate to below 0.5% and extend the service life of vulnerable parts by more than 30% through precise control of airflow. Its design logic is closely related to material characteristics, working pressure, and conveying environment.

　　气路的首要功能是构建动态密封，平衡系统压力差。在正压输送系统中，供料器转子与壳体间存在微小间隙，若不采取密封措施，高压气流会携带物料从间隙外泄。气路通过在间隙处通入低压密封气，形成 “气封屏障”，阻止物料外溢的同时，避免高压气流冲击转子。在负压系统中，气路则反向通入常压气体，防止外界空气被吸入，确保输送管道内的真空度稳定。

　　The primary function of an air circuit is to build dynamic seals and balance system pressure differentials. In a positive pressure conveying system, there is a small gap between the feeder rotor and the housing. If no sealing measures are taken, high-pressure airflow will carry materials out of the gap. The air path forms an "air seal barrier" by introducing low-pressure sealing gas into the gap, preventing material overflow while avoiding high-pressure airflow from impacting the rotor. In the negative pressure system, atmospheric pressure gas is introduced in reverse to prevent external air from being sucked in and ensure stable vacuum inside the conveying pipeline.

　　气路系统对物料流动具有调控作用，可适配不同物理特性的物料。对于易粘结的物料，气路通过定向喷气对转子叶片进行实时清洁，清除附着的物料，避免粘结层增厚导致的输送量下降。在轻质物料输送中，气路可在进料口形成 “气流缓冲带”，减缓物料下落速度，防止因冲击导致的物料破碎。对于高磨蚀性物料，气路通过在壳体内侧形成气流保护层，减少物料与金属表面的直接摩擦。

　　The pneumatic system has a regulating effect on material flow and can adapt to materials with different physical properties. For materials that are prone to sticking, the air path uses directional jet to clean the rotor blades in real time, removing attached materials and avoiding a decrease in conveying capacity caused by thickening of the bonding layer. In the transportation of lightweight materials, the air path can form an "airflow buffer zone" at the feed inlet to slow down the material's falling speed and prevent material breakage caused by impact. For highly abrasive materials, the airflow protection layer is formed on the inner side of the shell to reduce direct friction between the material and the metal surface.

　　气路设计能有效改善设备运行环境，降低维护成本。在粉尘浓度较高的工况中，气路可通过抽气装置将转子腔体内的悬浮粉尘及时排出，避免粉尘进入轴承等精密部件。针对高温物料，气路可通入冷却气流，将转子工作温度降至 100℃以下，防止密封件因高温老化。在间歇式输送场景中，气路的反吹功能可对残留物料进行彻底清理，减少物料交叉污染风险。

　　Air circuit design can effectively improve the operating environment of equipment and reduce maintenance costs. In working conditions with high dust concentration, the air path can timely discharge suspended dust in the rotor chamber through an exhaust device, avoiding dust from entering precision components such as bearings. For high-temperature materials, cooling airflow can be introduced into the air path to reduce the operating temperature of the rotor to below 100 ℃, preventing sealing components from aging due to high temperatures. In intermittent conveying scenarios, the blowback function of the air path can thoroughly clean residual materials and reduce the risk of material cross contamination.

　　气路的结构设计需与工况参数精准匹配。气源压力需根据系统压力差设定，过低无法形成有效密封，过高则会增加能耗。喷气口位置多分布在转子两端面及进料口内侧，孔径为 1-3mm，孔间距 10-15mm，确保气流覆盖均匀。气路控制多采用电磁阀联动，与供料器转速同步，避免无效喷气造成的能源浪费。

　　The structural design of the gas path needs to be accurately matched with the operating parameters. The pressure of the gas source needs to be set according to the system pressure difference. If it is too low, it cannot form an effective seal, and if it is too high, it will increase energy consumption. The nozzle positions are mostly distributed on both ends of the rotor and the inside of the feed port, with a diameter of 1-3mm and a spacing of 10-15mm between holes to ensure uniform airflow coverage. Electromagnetic valve linkage is often used for gas path control, which is synchronized with the speed of the feeder to avoid energy waste caused by ineffective jet injection.

　　不同物料特性对气路需求存在差异。输送食品级物料时，气路需采用无菌气源；输送易燃易爆物料，气路需配置防静电装置，并使用惰性气体替代空气。在潮湿环境中，气路需增设排水装置，避免冷凝水进入物料。

　　There are differences in gas path requirements due to different material characteristics. When transporting food grade materials, a sterile gas source should be used in the air circuit; When transporting flammable and explosive materials, anti-static devices should be installed in the gas circuit, and inert gas should be used instead of air. In humid environments, drainage devices need to be installed in the air circuit to prevent condensed water from entering the materials.

　　气路系统的维护直接影响供料器性能。需定期清理气路过滤器，检查管路连接处密封性，根据物料磨损性更换喷气嘴。通过气路与机械结构的协同设计，旋转供料器可在复杂工况下保持稳定运行，成为物料输送系统中兼具密封性与调节性的关键环节。

　　The maintenance of the pneumatic system directly affects the performance of the feeder. Regularly clean the air path filter, check the sealing of the pipeline connection, and replace the nozzle according to the wear and tear of the material. Through the collaborative design of the gas path and mechanical structure, the rotary feeder can maintain stable operation under complex working conditions, becoming a key link in the material conveying system that combines sealing and regulation.

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