一、仓泵主要构成1、进料装置也叫进料阀，设置在气力输送仓泵上部，，进料阀直接与仓泵相连接并融合为一个整体，由直行程缸通过摇臂驱动翻板作90度旋转以控制开闭。这种专用结构的阀门在仓泵中的应用关键在于其密封结构可以满足飞灰工况的恶劣环境要求。上下密封圈采用氟橡胶材质，橡胶本身对颗粒有一定的包容性，并可耐250度的高温，上密封圈为锯齿形结构，且橡胶硬度较高，下密封圈为平面结构，包覆在翻板上，橡胶材质较软。阀门开启时密封面不易结灰，在阀门关闭的瞬间，灰斗落下的飞灰可能进入密封面，在密封面进灰的情况下，受气缸驱动力矩和仓泵内压力自紧作用，密封面压紧，此时密封面沉积的飞灰被锯齿顶尖排入外侧或沟槽内，形成三条线密封，从而保证即使飞灰进入密封面也能保证不泄漏。

　　1、 The main components of the bin pump are: 1. The feeding device, also known as the feeding valve, is located above the pneumatic conveying bin pump. The feeding valve is directly connected to the bin pump and integrated into a whole. It is driven by a straight stroke cylinder through a rocker arm to rotate the flap 90 degrees to control opening and closing. The key to the application of this specialized valve structure in the silo pump is that its sealing structure can meet the harsh environmental requirements of fly ash working conditions. The upper and lower sealing rings are made of fluororubber material, which has a certain degree of tolerance for particles and can withstand high temperatures of 250 degrees. The upper sealing ring has a serrated structure and high rubber hardness, while the lower sealing ring has a flat structure and is wrapped around the flipper. The rubber material is relatively soft. When the valve is opened, the sealing surface is not prone to dust accumulation. At the moment when the valve is closed, the fly ash falling from the ash hopper may enter the sealing surface. In the case of dust entering the sealing surface, the sealing surface is compressed by the cylinder driving torque and the pressure inside the bin pump. At this time, the fly ash deposited on the sealing surface is discharged into the outside or groove by the serrated tip, forming a three line seal, ensuring that even if the fly ash enters the sealing surface, it will not leak.

　　2、排气装置也叫排气阀，设置在气力输送仓泵上部，其作用为通过气缸的动作，打开或关闭阀门，使气力输送仓泵内余气排出至贮料仓。

　　2. The exhaust device, also known as the exhaust valve, is installed on the upper part of the pneumatic conveying bin pump. Its function is to open or close the valve through the action of the cylinder, so that the residual air in the pneumatic conveying bin pump is discharged to the storage bin.

　　3、流态化装置也叫气化室，它设置在气力输送仓泵的底部。在室的下部设有气化装置，有流化盘和硫化布组成，中部设置喷射管。

　　3. The fluidized bed device, also known as the gasification chamber, is located at the bottom of the pneumatic conveying bin pump. A gasification device is installed at the lower part of the room, consisting of a fluidized bed and vulcanized cloth, and a spray pipe is installed in the middle.

　　4、气动出料阀设置于气力输送仓泵物料出口处，气力输送仓泵输送时，该阀打开，气力输送仓泵输送结束时，该阀关闭。工作时，气缸通过活塞杆带动双闸板阀芯做上下运动，从而来打开或关闭阀门。

　　4. The pneumatic discharge valve is set at the material outlet of the pneumatic conveying bin pump. When the pneumatic conveying bin pump is conveying, the valve opens, and when the pneumatic conveying bin pump is conveying, the valve closes. During operation, the cylinder drives the double gate valve core to move up and down through the piston rod, thereby opening or closing the valve.

　　5、泵体作为整个输送系统的发送时物料存贮装置，它是一个耐磨损、抗疲劳的压力容器，能长期经受气流和物料的冲刷和磨损。

　　5. As the material storage device for the entire conveying system, the pump body is a wear-resistant and fatigue resistant pressure vessel that can withstand the erosion and wear of airflow and materials for a long time.

　　6、电气控制柜通常是一台气力输送仓泵一个控制柜。

　　6. The electrical control cabinet usually consists of one pneumatic conveying bin pump and one control cabinet.

　　7、气动控制箱即电磁阀箱，箱内一般配置了控制每台气力输送仓泵气缸工作的电磁阀，通常是一台气力输送仓泵配置一个电磁阀箱。

　　7. Pneumatic control box, also known as solenoid valve box, is generally equipped with solenoid valves that control the operation of each pneumatic conveying bin pump cylinder. Typically, one pneumatic conveying bin pump is equipped with one solenoid valve box.

　　二、仓泵工作原理仓泵本体是能承受一定压力与温度的压力容器，其上端为为气动进料阀，内部为一上引式管道，与气动出料阀及输灰管道相连，上引管下端为流化盘。气动进料阀，气动出料阀，进气阀，二次气阀均有电磁气动换向阀控制。仓泵采用间歇式自动控制方式运行。每个输送过程可分为四个阶段，有感应信号及程序控制。

　　2、 The working principle of the bin pump is that the bin pump body is a pressure vessel that can withstand a certain pressure and temperature. Its upper end is a pneumatic feed valve, and the interior is an upward pipeline connected to the pneumatic discharge valve and ash conveying pipeline. The lower end of the upward pipeline is a fluidized disc. Pneumatic feed valve, pneumatic discharge valve, intake valve, and secondary air valve are all controlled by electromagnetic pneumatic directional valves. The warehouse pump operates in an intermittent automatic control mode. Each conveying process can be divided into four stages, with induction signals and program control.

　　1、进料阶段进料阀开启。进气阀和出料阀在关闭状态。仓泵内部与电除尘灰斗联通，飞灰进入仓泵，当仓泵内灰位高至于料位计探头接触，则料位计产生一料位满信号，并通过现场控制单元进入程序控制器，系统自动关闭进料阀。

　　1. The feeding valve is opened during the feeding stage. The intake valve and discharge valve are in the closed state. The interior of the bin pump is connected to the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper, and fly ash enters the bin pump. When the ash level in the bin pump is high enough to contact the level gauge probe, the level gauge generates a level full signal, which enters the program controller through the on-site control unit, and the system automatically closes the feed valve.

　　2、加压流化阶段进气阀开启。进料阀，出料阀及二次吹扫阀关闭，压缩空气通过流化盘进入仓泵，飞灰流化，当仓泵内压力升高到某一设定数值时，出料阀打开，结束加压流化。

　　2. The intake valve is opened during the pressurized fluidization stage. The feed valve, discharge valve, and secondary purge valve are closed, and compressed air enters the bin pump through the fluidized disc to fluidized fly ash. When the pressure inside the bin pump rises to a certain set value, the discharge valve opens to end pressurized fluidization.

　　3、输送阶段进气阀及出料阀开启。进料阀及二次吹扫阀关闭，灰气混合物进入输送管道，此时仓泵内压力保持平稳。当仓泵内飞灰输送结束时，管路阻力降低，仓泵内压力下降，当降至下限压力数值时，结束输送状态。

　　3. The intake valve and discharge valve are opened during the conveying stage. The feed valve and secondary purge valve are closed, and the ash gas mixture enters the conveying pipeline. At this time, the pressure inside the bin pump remains stable. When the fly ash transportation in the silo pump is completed, the pipeline resistance decreases and the pressure inside the silo pump decreases. When it reaches the lower limit pressure value, the transportation state is ended.

　　4、吹扫阶段二次吹扫阀开启，进料阀关闭。进气阀，出料阀仍保持开启状态，压缩空气清扫仓泵及管道内的余灰，此时仓泵内无飞灰，管道内飞灰逐步减少，最后几乎呈空气流动状态。系统阻力下降，仓泵压力降至一稳定值，定时一段时间后吹扫结束。进气阀，出料阀及二次气阀关闭，进料阀开启，仓泵恢复到进料状态。

　　4. During the blowing stage, the secondary blowing valve is opened and the feed valve is closed. The intake valve and discharge valve remain open, and compressed air is used to clean the residual ash in the bin pump and pipeline. At this time, there is no fly ash in the bin pump, and the fly ash in the pipeline gradually decreases, finally almost in an air flow state. The system resistance decreases, and the pressure of the bin pump drops to a stable value. After a certain period of time, the blowing ends. The intake valve, discharge valve, and secondary air valve are closed, the feed valve is opened, and the bin pump returns to the feeding state.

　　三、常见故障及处理仓泵常见故障一般在流化加压阶段，仓泵内压力上升缓慢达不到输灰要求主要原因有以下几个：1、储气罐压缩空气压力低或进气阀开不到位。2、进料阀漏气：1）进料阀没有关到位，解决办法：调整气缸行程位置使进料阀阀盖关闭严密。2）进料阀阀座或阀盖上下密封圈吹损 解决方法：需把整个进料阀总成拆下，拆下上下密封圈，检查阀座与阀盖是否有吹损，如有需补焊车加工后换装新的密封圈。3、出料阀漏气：1）出料阀关不到位。解决办法：通知热工检查电磁阀及气管路。2）出料阀密封组件吹损需更换出料阀4、仓泵流化布堵：1）飞灰量多，粘性大，飞灰潮湿，这种情况一般发生在电除尘检修过后，由于水冲洗电除尘或长时间不投用引起。2）压缩空气水分过多引起硫化布堵塞。需检查空压机出气后净化装置是否正常及储气罐疏水情况。确保压缩空气干燥。

　　3、 Common faults and handling of bin pumps. Common faults of bin pumps usually occur during the fluidized pressurization stage, where the pressure inside the bin pump rises slowly and cannot meet the requirements for ash transportation. The main reasons are as follows: 1. Low compressed air pressure in the storage tank or inadequate opening of the intake valve. 2. Leakage of feed valve: 1) The feed valve is not closed properly. Solution: Adjust the cylinder stroke position to make the feed valve cover tightly closed. 2) Solution for blowing damage to the upper and lower sealing rings of the feed valve seat or valve cover: The entire feed valve assembly needs to be removed, the upper and lower sealing rings need to be removed, and the valve seat and valve cover need to be checked for blowing damage. If there is any damage, it needs to be repaired by welding and machining, and a new sealing ring needs to be installed. 3. Leakage of discharge valve: 1) The discharge valve cannot be closed properly. Solution: Notify the thermal engineer to inspect the solenoid valve and gas pipeline. 2) The sealing component of the discharge valve needs to be replaced due to blowing damage. 4. Fluidized cloth blockage of the bin pump: 1) There is a large amount of fly ash, high viscosity, and wet fly ash. This situation usually occurs after the maintenance of the electrostatic precipitator, due to water flushing of the electrostatic precipitator or prolonged disuse. 2) Excessive moisture in compressed air can cause blockage of vulcanized fabric. It is necessary to check whether the purification device after the air compressor exhausts is normal and the drainage condition of the air storage tank. Ensure that the compressed air is dry.

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